Wednesday, September 2, 2020

Rent Control is Out of Control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lease Control is Out of Control - Essay Example Lease control has had the contrary impact of its unique goal, to give moderate lodging. Lease control ought to be annulled in urban areas where lease control exists, and lawmakers ought to be proactive and lift controls with an eye on the financial matters included and a hard of hearing ear to the dissident panic. Lease control brings about more significant expenses for accessible lodging by decreasing the gracefully. Proprietors are offered minimal impetus to manufacture new units that will fall under value control. Inhabitants have no impetus to move from a low lease circumstance. Old guardians whose kids have moved away may keep on living in a 4 room unit to keep up the current rental rate long after the space is required. As the flexibly shrivels, would-be tenants go to the shadow rental market. This market, which may represent as much as 30 percent of the accessible lodging market, exists outside the lease control laws because of exceptional exclusions or the administration's longing to keep up an alleviation valve for overabundance request. Nonetheless, because of the short flexibly and appeal, these units might be evaluated a few times higher than the market esteem. Lodging quality additionally endures under lease control. Proprietors confronted with restricted rental salary are hesitant to cause enhancements to or even do least fixes.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Psychological science reaction paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mental science response paper - Essay Example This paper will center upon exact discoveries that help the overlooking parts of the psychological procedure in particular in the case of overlooking happens as a verifiable programmed procedure of comprehension or does it happen as an immediate response of an unequivocal horrible mishap. The presence of an understood restraint procedure to forestall familiarity with undesirable information is upheld by Freud’s neurological model of intentional suppression (Anderson, Ochsner, Kuhl, Cooper, Robertson, Gabrieli, Glover, and Gabrieli, 2004). Freud clarifies that memory avoids undesirable information from mindfulness utilizing a computerized certain procedure named suppression which might be influenced by passionate related unequivocal elements (Anderson et. al.). Constraint is a neural procedure watched exactly utilizing practical attractive reverberation imaging (fMRI). Anderson et. al. talk about that experimental discoveries utilizing fMRI perceptions of members during both uninhibited and hindered overlooking scenes show that neuro-synthetic procedures happen during the constraint procedure. The two mind segments engaged with the restraint are the hippocampus and sidelong prefrontal cortex. A watched increment of dorsolateral prefrontal enactment lessens hippo campal initiation which thusly debilitates maintenance of memory. The two locales are additionally fundamental to fruitful memory development procedure and maintenance procedure of which restraint happens when recovery to those two procedures is repressed. The test proposes further that the two cerebrum areas have a verifiable overlooking procedure that capacities consequently and might be influenced by synthetic compounds that happen during mental scenes. During the investigation when overlooking was strengthened by a presentation of an express enthusiastic factor to actuate overlooking the members utilized their psychological recollections combined with a feeling reaction in the restraint procedure. The power of the feeling connected to the mind’s impression of injury. The outcomes infer that the cerebrum perceives

Friday, August 21, 2020

Empirical Asset Pricing Theory Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Exact Asset Pricing Theory - Assignment Example As it were, the paper will take a gander at the negative covariance of SDF and abundance returns. The paper will likewise plot the Fama-French components. This will incorporate involving how these elements work, and the thought processes behind picking or choosing of models. At last, the paper will examine how the strategy utilized by Pastor and Stambaugh vary from the ones utilized by Fama-French components. Stochastic Discount Factor Pricing Model SDF as a Factor Pricing Model According to Fama and French (25 - 30) this model aides in the detailing of n econometric examination that is utilized in the valuing of advantages. The strategies incorporated this model incorporate the capital resource evaluating model that was proposed by Sharpe in 1964 and different just as the utilization based between transient capital resource valuing models (CCAPM). Stochastic rebate factor (SDF) utilizes both of the methodologies that are utilized in resource valuing. This incorporates the supreme an d the overall estimating of advantage. The supreme valuing of advantage include the evaluating of a benefit comparative with the sources that open it to the macroeconomic dangers. The general evaluating of advantage involves valuing resources as indicated by how different resources are estimated. The evaluating condition that is utilized to appraise the stochastic markdown factor is ordinarily expected. The restrictions that are forced on the conduct identifying with the stochastic model are thought to be standard. In light of the evaluating condition suppositions the model, the cost of n resource which is indicated as ‘t’ is determined through limiting the estimation of the advantages in the time of paying off. The condition for deciding the cost of the advantage is: Pt=ET (Mt+sXt+s). The advantages pay off is spoken to by Xt+s while the limiting variable is spoken to by Mt+s. the part indicated as ET speaks to the desire given the data that is accessible at a given ti me t. The limiting element speaks to the stochastic variable (Renault and Hansen 3-15). The advantages that can be estimated utilizing this model incorporate a stock that delivers a profit of DT+1. This stock ought to likewise have a resale esteem and a result period. A treasury bill is likewise relevant if just it pays just a single unit of products or a decent being devoured. This likens the result to 1. A bond whose coupon installment is consistent but then can be sold is material for evaluating utilizing this model. This model can likewise value bank stores that pay the hazard free return rate and compare the result time frame to 1+ rft. At last the consider alternative whose cost is Pt and gives the holder of the choice the privilege of buying any stock at the cost worked out (Renault and Hansen 12-21). Suppositions Relating to the Form of SDF In the improvement of the stochastic estimator, there are four suspicions that are taken into contemplations. The primary supposition th at will be that the evaluating condition 2 consistently holds. This condition is proportionate to the law of one cost. The suspicion here is that all the protections that have a similar result should bear a similar cost. There are no decisions of the inclination. The subsequent supposition expresses that the stochastic limiting variable marks Mt to be more prominent than zero. The equivalent applies even to emulating portfolio. The suggestion here is that no exchange open doors exist. The third presumption expresses that the hazard free rate exists. The hazard free rate is quantifiable comparative with sigma-polynomial math. The molding set that is likewise utilized in the calculation of the molding minutes creates this polynomial math. The presence of this rate takes into consideration result space that is

Tuesday, June 2, 2020

Writing final Project Essay - 550 Words

Writing final project (Essay Sample) Content: Final Project Natasha SebastianiUMUCMany fields have embraced the use of cultural competence. People from diversified cultures can interact with each other hence achieving their goals. Many employers have considered cultural competence as an important factor when choosing employees to ensure that they choose those capable of interacting regardless of cultural diversity. In educational levels, cultural competence has been embraced in institutions to ensure that both students and teachers from diverse cultural backgrounds interact to produce results that are of high quality (Lambert, 2009). Cultural competence in the schools has given all the spheres in corporations an easy as their new staff is in a position to apply cultural competence. It has been contributed by enhancement of cultural competence in the schools (Leavitt, 2010). Students are also capable of working anywhere in the world since they can interact comfortably with all people regardless of their cultu res. Today, most schools across the globe have been able to implement and support systems that enhance cultural competence due to increased range of differences in cultures among teachers and the students (PeÃÅ' rez, 2008). Most schools in United States comprise of students from diversified cultures and races and thus the need to enhance and support cultural competence. The paper is intended for both high schools and universities since they are the main areas that need to develop the Cultural Competence among their students and teachers. Students in these institutions are from diverse races and culture and have to interact among themselves. They are also the main learning institutions that have been faced with limitations of Cultural Competence. The topic of cultural competence is appropriate as it tries to look at the problems that different students from diverse cultures face when they come together. It also shows the importance of competence among all students in the scho ols regardless of cultural backgrounds they come from (Teel, 2008). The topic is also appropriate as it is the basis of future integration among all people from diverse cultures in the country for the sake of peaceful co-existence among the people. The topic also shows the problems that face students from minority groups in the schools and the roles that all stakeholders should play to foster competence among all students (Laird, 2008). The topic is also essential as it ensures that students can work anywhere across the globe. They are in a position to integrate with all kinds of people regardless of race, tribes and variations in cultural practices and beliefs (PeÃÅ' rez, 2010). The topic has also shown how all stakeholders will combine their efforts to boost cultural competence in order to boost performance of their students. During the research, several gaps were found in areas of cultural competence in the schools. One of the gaps found related to the efforts that are being put by the stakeholders in order to enforce policies that ensure cultural competence in the schools. The research also found the need for the school management to involve all the stakeholders in the development of cultural competence. The problems that face students from minor races and tribes were also a key area to be considered. The main limitations for cultural competence development in the schools also need to be researched. Further research on how students, teachers and management of the schools contribute to cultural competence should be done. The new questions developed include; what efforts have schools put to enhance cultural competence? What are the problems of enhancing competence? And how should stakeholders enhance their cooperation towards enhancement of cultural competence? What are the main challenges hindering cultural compet...

Saturday, May 16, 2020

Researching French-Canadian Ancestry Genealogy

Even if you cant read French, tracing French-Canadian ancestors can be easier than many people expect due to the excellent record keeping of the Roman Catholic Church in Canada. Baptisms, marriages,  and burials were all dutifully recorded in the parish registers, with copies also sent to civil authorities. This, along with the incredibly high rate of French-Canadian records preservation, offers a much greater, more complete record of people living in Quebec and other parts of New France than in most other areas of North America and the world. In most cases, French-Canadian ancestry should be fairly easily traceable back to the immigrant ancestors, and you may even be able to trace some lines further back in France. Maiden Names Dit Names As in France, most French-Canadian church and civil records are recorded under a womans maiden name, making it much easier to trace both sides of your family tree. Sometimes, but not always, a womans married surname is included as well. In many areas of French-speaking Canada, families sometimes adopted an alias, or second surname in order to distinguish between different branches of the same family, especially when the families remained in the same town for generations. These alias surnames, also known as dit names, can often be found preceded by the word dit, as in Armand Hudon dit Beaulieu where Armand is the given name, Hudon is the original family surname, and Beaulieu is the dit name. Sometimes an individual even adopted the dit name as the family name and dropped the original surname. This practice was most common in France among soldiers and sailors. Dit names are important for anyone researching French-Canadian ancestors, as they necessitate searching the records under several various surname combinations. French-Canadian Rà ©pertoires (Indexes) Since the mid-nineteenth century, many French Canadians have worked to trace their families back to France and, in doing so, have created a large number of indexes to various parish records, known as rà ©pertoires or repertories. The vast majority of these published indexes or rà ©pertoires are of marriage (mariage) records, although a few exist which include baptisms (baptà ªme) and burials (sà ©pulture). Rà ©pertoires are generally arranged alphabetically by surname, while those that are organized chronologically usually include a surname index. By exploring all of the rà ©pertoires that include a particular parish (and following up in the original parish records), one can often take a French-Canadian family tree back through many generations. The majority of published rà ©pertoires are not yet available online. They can, however, often be found in major libraries with a strong French-Canadian focus, or libraries local to the parish(s) of interest. Many have been microfilmed and are available through the Family History Library in Salt Lake City and Family History Centers throughout the world. Major online repertoires or databases of indexed French-Canadian marriage, baptism and burial records include: BMS2000 - This cooperative project involving over twenty genealogical societies in Quà ©bec and Ontario is one of the largest online sources of indexed baptism, marriage, and burial (sà ©pulture) records. It covers the period from the beginning of the French colony until the end of the XXth century. The Drouin Collection - Available online as a subscription database from Ancestry.com, this amazing collection includes nearly 15 million French-Canadian parish and other records of interest from Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and many U.S states with a large French-Canadian population. Indexed too! Church Records As in France, records of the Roman Catholic Church are the single best source for tracing French-Canadian families. Christening, marriage and burial records have been carefully recorded and preserved in the parish registers from 1621 to the present. Between 1679 and 1993 all parishes in Quà ©bec were required to send duplicate copies to the civil archives, which has ensured that the majority of Roman Catholic parish records in Quà ©bec still survive to this day. These baptismal, marriage and burial records are generally written in French (some earlier records may be in Latin), but often follow a standardized format which makes them easy to follow even if you know little or know French. Marriage records are an especially important source for immigrant ancestors to New France, or French-Canadian Canada because they usually document the immigrants parish and town of origin in France. The Family History Library has microfilmed the majority of Quà ©bec Catholic registers from 1621-1877, as well as most civil copies of Catholic registers between 1878 and 1899. This collection of Quà ©bec Catholic Parish Registers, 1621-1900 has been digitized and is also available for viewing online for free through FamilySearch. There are a few indexed entries, but to access most records youll need to use the browse images link and go through them manually.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Analysis Of The Strangers That Came To Town - 967 Words

In his short story, â€Å"The Strangers that Came to Town†, Ambrose Flack is showing that true freedom is about being accepted. This short story shows the Duvitch family who don’t fit into a small town. The Duvitches receive lots of hate and harm from the small town with a friendly faà §ade. They don’t fit in because they are different, like mant minority groups. ~ The first proof of this is in the title: The Strangers That Came To Town, which refers to the Duvitch family as strangers instead of neighbors. ~ â€Å"While the livestock made noises according to its kind, the Duvitches were quiet—almost solemn. They showed no elation at finding themselves in a new neighborhood and a very pretty neighborhood at that.†(page 1) ~†All afternoon Mother,†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Mr. Duvitch, too, was classified as an untouchable. His job, a rather malodorous one, was with the local rendering plant as a laborer. It followed that the Syringa Street young, meeting him on the street, sometimes stopped their noses as they passed him by—a form of torment all the more acute when Mr. Duvitch had to share it with the children that happened to be with him†(page 3) ~The kids at school have been raised to be cruel to new students, instead of helping them settle in and becoming friends. â€Å"That first September four Duvitches—Irving, Benny, Abe and Esther— registered at the local grammar school. Mrs. Lovejoy, the principal, said they were bright, conscientious, pathetically eager but almost pathologically shy. Before she could put a stop to it, some of their classmates scoffed at the leaf, lard and black bread sandwiches they ate for lunch, huddled in one corner of the recreation room, dressed in their boiled-out ragpickers’ clothes. After school they headed straight for home, never lingering on the playground.†(page 4) ~† Even the tradesmen to whom the Duvitches gave good money were either curt with them or downright rude.†(page 5) (There are many more examples of the Duvitches being bullied by the collectivist neighborhood.) The pursuit of freedom is a difficult journey withShow MoreRelatedThe War Prayer Analysis708 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"The War Prayer† Analysis â€Å"The War Prayer† by Samuel L. Clemens, is his attempt to force the public to realize the implicit outcome of praying for victory in war, which inevitably is death. His use of irony and hyperbole is evident in this clever narrative. The passage satirically describes how a very religious town comes together during a time of war to pray for the downfall of the enemy and the triumph of their men. An old man then comes into the church and prays the same exact prayer that theRead MoreGlimpses of Women in Overalls and Mrs Plum1379 Words   |  6 Pagesthis assignment an attempt at a detailed analysis of Karen Press’s poem Glimpses of Women in Overalls will be made. Following such an analysis I shall articulate how the poem raises comparable concerns with that of Mrs Plum written by Es’kia Mphahlele. I have selected this particular story due to the face that it I believe both works communicative similar themes, therefore I shall explore the comparison below. In order to provide a detailed analysis of the poem Glimpses of Women in OverallsRead MoreBlack Like Me : The Shape Of Evils Of Racism1332 Words   |  6 Pagesan opened eye because it describes the way the black people in the society suffering from the discrimination. It also gives an account of how the people, even though they are oppressed are unified and show support for one another and even to the strangers in their midst. oppression of the black people in the white society is evident throughout the book. Even though Griffin is a white man with dark color, the experiences he goes through as a black man result in radical changes in his life and in theRead MoreAnd Then There Were None by Agatha Christie Essay1641 Words   |  7 Pagesgoes into different elements to show how this theme came about is irony. She uses this technique to get the audiences full attention on how the mystery in this novel bring about missing characters and will be the lost standing Agatha Christie is not one of your ordinary authors; she brings a point in the novel which is a very suspenseful view that will catch your attention. Literary analysis: style The significance of this novel title is it tellsRead MoreYoung Goodman Brown By Nathaniel Hawthorne1620 Words   |  7 Pagesexpected to bump into him.  His attire is regular and normal, besides the walking stick with a curved serpent.  Which of course must have been an ocular deception, assisted by the uncertain light (Hawthorne). The stranger offers Goodman the stuff, but he declines to associate with it.  He says that he came to the meeting because he had promised and wished not to hold the stuff or rather threatens to return to the village.   Goodman reminds the man that he is a devoted Christian with a Christian background andRead MoreFire in a Canebrake: The Last Mass Lynching in America695 Words   |  3 Pagesperson’s unknown’ when an undisclosed number of white men simply shot the blacks to death. The author concentrates on the way the evidence was collected in those eerie post war times and how the FBI was actually involved in the case, but how nothi ng came of their extensive investigations. Interestingly, the book does not focus solely on the Georgia lynching, but delves into the actual study of the word lynching which was coined by legendary judge Charles B Lynch of Virginia to indicate extra-legalRead MoreAnalysis Of The Film Lifeless Planet And Video Game Developed By Stage 2 Studios1413 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis on the Significance of Gender in the Development of Fear in Lifeless Planet The use of fear in entertainment literature, movies, and video games reflects some of the beliefs of society at the time. Lifeless Planet, an action and adventure platformer video game developed by Stage 2 Studios, tells the story of an astronaut whose mission to explore another planet teeming with life goes dreadfully wrong, stranding him and separated from his crew members on the planet. To his surprise, as heRead MoreHow Steinbeck creates sympathy in Of Mice and Men1338 Words   |  6 Pageslong-time companions with a strong relationship but also being a priority to George as he must look after Lennie seeing as he has a mental dis-order. George Milton Lennie Small being the two ranch workers who always find themselves fleeing from town to town, ranch to ranch; never being able to settle down they find themselves moving up northwest after Lennie gets himself into a bit of trouble back in their previous location Weed. As of after he winds up in a situation where he saw a red dres s of aRead MoreBlack Boy By Richard Wright1590 Words   |  7 Pages Williams 1 Trey Williams Mrs. Evans British Literature 12/5/11 Black Boy Analysis Essay Richard Wright s autobiography Black Boy is a book that narrates Wright’s life growing up as an African-American in the woods of Mississippi during Jim Crow laws. Many African Americans were Wright were from faced financial struggles. These tough living circumstances greatly affected his youth. Black Boy examines the tough times Wrights and his family faced. Wrights tough youth seemed toRead MoreShort Story Analysis3036 Words   |  13 Pagesmore of life than life itself. II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The purpose of this study is to analyze the similarities among elements of Leo Tolstoy’s work such as â€Å"God Sees the Truth, But Waits†, â€Å"The Three Questions† and â€Å"What Men Live By†. The analysis of such will bring about the realization of what the stories suggest. 1. What are the common themes conveyed in Tolstoy’s stories? 2. What are the parallel connections of the three stories in terms of the tone, atmosphere and style? 3. What

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Hierarchical Taxonomy of Leadership Behavior †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Leadership Behavior. Answer: Introduction: Colonel Novak exhibited a number of leadership behaviors that contributed to the level of success the unit had. Colonel Novak was able to motivate and inspire the men in his unit. He achieved this by informing them of the importance of their responsibility to the overall war effort. This serves to provide the juniors with a sense of purpose (Yukl, Gordon, and Taber 2002). He also demonstrated a personal interest in the men thereby serving to enhance their moral levels. He also emphasized collaboration management and trust amongst his men thereby serving to enhance their performance. Another key leadership behavior exhibited by the colonel is by joining the men in conducting their tasks. This serves to motivate the men. From the case it is evident that effective leadership is people centered. An effective leader is the one who focuses on the needs of his juniors and works to ensure that his juniors have the resources that they need to be able to execute their duties (Folkman 2010). A good leader does not set himself apart from his juniors but instead works together with the people. This places him in a unique position to be able to better understand the challenges that his juniors are facing and thus be able to tackle them. Finally a good leader is capable of effectively motivating his men and empowering them. When comparing the leadership behavior of Colonel Novak with that of my superior, it is evident that Colonel Novaks leadership behavior is better. This is because unlike Colonel Novak, the leadership behavior management at my workplace focuses more on driving for results with very little motivation. This serves to affect employee productivity as most employees feel overworked and underappreciated Bibliography Folkman, J., 2010. Top 9 Leadership Behaviors that drive employee commitment.Extraordinary performance, pp.1-4. Yukl, G., Gordon, A. and Taber, T., 2002. A hierarchical taxonomy of leadership behavior management: Integrating a half century of behavior research.Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies,9(1), pp.15-32.

Saturday, April 18, 2020

The Apprenticeship Of Duddy KravitzThe Tragic Fall Of Duddy Essay Example For Students

The Apprenticeship Of Duddy KravitzThe Tragic Fall Of Duddy Essay The Apprenticeship of Duddy KravitzThe Tragic Fall of DuddyA man must pursue his dreams. This is certainly true for everyone of the humankind, for if there were no dreams, there would be no reason to live. Duddy Kravitz understands this perfectly, that is why he is one of the most ambitious young men of his time. From the moment he hears his grandfather says, A man without land is nobody, he is prepared to seek the land of his dream no matter what the cost would be. This ambition of his is very respectable, but unfortunately his methods are damnable. Duddy is a relentless pursuer; a formidable competitor and also a ruthless manipulator. It is true that he has obtained all the land that he desires at the end, but he succeeds through immoral, despicable and contemptible means. It is clear then, that Duddy has failed in his apprenticeship and has become the scheming little bastard that Uncle Benjy has warned him against.There is no doubt that Duddy is very shrewd and clever, but his la ck of moral principles attributes to his final failure. In fact, his immorality can be traced back to a very young age. During his study in the parochial school, he already earns money through methods that hardly comply to virtues of any kind. Taking advantage of the fact that minors cannot be sued in Canada, Duddy defrauds stamp companies and sells stolen hockey sticks. Perhaps he cannot distinguish right from wrong; perhaps he does not care, but nonetheless it is not proper for him to engage himself into these kinds of activities.Duddy emerges himself deeper into the sea of corruption when he establishes Dudley Kane Enterprises. With his limited knowledge of movie making and his mistaken trust in John Friar, his firm produces bar-mitzvah films of extremely poor quality. The bar-mitzvah film for Mr. Cohen, for example, is obviously a failing product. Duddy didnt say a word all through the screening but afterwards he was sick to his stomach.After the screening, Duddy says to Mr. Fri ar, I could sell Mr. Cohen a dead horse easier than this pile of .However, realizing the obvious faultiness of the film, Duddy does not talk candidly to his client. Instead, he untruthfully says that the film is a phenomenal piece of art and that he is entering it into the Cannes Festival. By doing so, he deceives the Cohen family into buying the defective bar-mitzvah film of Bernie.As a matter of fact, Kravitz is not only skillful in handling situations, but he is also very apt in manipulating people. This can be clearly seen in his relationships with Virgil and Yvette.Duddy is never loved in his family, so originally Duddy is quite content to know that there is someone who cares about him Yvette. He finds great comradeship in her and has also enjoyed great sex with her. But as time passes by, Yvette becomes only a tool to him. He uses her as a medium through which he can buy the land that he lusts for; because he is a minor and he cannot legally own land. The farmers would be war y of a young Jew, they might jack up prices or even refuse to sell, but another French-Canadian would not be suspect.Duddy also treats her as a sexual toy. He makes love with Yvette whenever he wants it, but he does not take Yvettes feelings into consideration: Yvette wanted to wait, but Duddy insisted, and they made love on the carpet.He never pays any respect to Yvette and he does not know how to treat a woman.With Virgil, Duddy takes advantage of his physical disabilities. After selling the pinball machines that Virgil brought him to ease his financial troubles, Duddy does not want to repay Virgil. Using the fact that Virgil is an epileptic and that it is very difficult for him to be hired, Duddy employs him as a driver. But Duddy tells him that a truck would be necessary for the task, and that he can provide Virgil with the perfect vehicle for one thousand dollars the exact amount that he owes Virgil. Virgil is innocent enough not to know what is happening. He is also very grat eful and flattered to know that Mr. Kravitz is willing to hire him. He accepts the job immediately, and thus, Duddy does not need to reimburse Virgil. It is quite ironic that Duddy, being such a good manipulator of people, is later being used by his Bohemian friends when they come to his apartment every night to party, eat and drink all to Duddys expense.After Duddy has engaged himself into all kinds of deceitful activities, he bankrupts and is on the verge of a mental breakdown. At that point, Uncle Benjys letter reveals to Duddy that he must make a very serious decision: Theres more to you than mere money-lust, Duddy, but Im afraid for you. Youre two people, thats why. The scheming little bastard I saw so easily and the fine, intelligent boy underneath that your grand father, bless him, saw. But youre coming of age soon and youll have to choose. A boy can be two, three, four potential people, but a man is only one. He murders the others.Duddy must now choose to the way that he wi ll live on for the rest of his life. He may continue on to live the way that he has always lived and be a complete amoral criminal, or he can abandon his money-lusting and become a fine shrewd gentleman. The time has come for him to choose what is to become of himself. But at this point, Duddy performs the most dirty, sickening and contemptible act in his apprenticeship. He forges Virgils cheque in order to buy the final parcel of land: Duddy took a quick look at Virgils bank balance, whistled, noted his account number and ripped out two cheques. He forged the signature by holding the cheque and a letter Virgil had signed up to the window and tracing slowly.This is a clear indication that Duddy has chosen to become the inconsiderate scheming little bastard. He has murdered all the other good possibilities of himself.Duddy has obviously chosen the wrong kind of man to be. He has chosen to become a crooked person, a corrupted chap, and a ruthless man. Undoubtedly, Duddy is a very keen and intuitive young man. He can calmly and gracefully settle Lennies problems with Mr. Calder. He can also tactfully and intelligently get Aunt Ida going back to Montreal to see the dying Uncle Benjy. Duddy has all the qualities that is needed for him to succeed in society it is only a matter of time. Unfortunately, Duddy chooses the wrong path at a young age and continues on with that path to his adulthood. He ends up to be a terrible failure. Perhaps his lack of discipline from his early years is one of the most important attributes to his tragic fall in The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz. .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1 , .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1 .postImageUrl , .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1 , .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1:hover , .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1:visited , .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1:active { border:0!important; } .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1:active , .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1 .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u68fcedadf638326f877b2f42835d46c1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: hipaa violations Essay We will write a custom essay on The Apprenticeship Of Duddy KravitzThe Tragic Fall Of Duddy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Saturday, March 14, 2020

Pick a historical related film and analyse its historical accuracy.

Pick a historical related film and analyse its historical accuracy. The historical accuracy of gladiator in some aspects was quite good but in others, quite bad. Even right from the opening scene, the inaccuracies start. First, there was no last great battle with the Germanic tribes on the eve of Marcus Aurelius' death. There was a great daylong battle late in the campaigning season of A.D. 179, but Marcus died on March 17 of 180, just as he was about to launch another great military campaign. It is most probable that the scriptwriters needed to shorten the chronology here to save time in a long movie, but that wasn't their only mistake relating to battles. The use of fire-hurling catapults and mechanical dart launchers against the oncoming barbarians was certainly dramatic but probably unhistorical. Such weapons were too burdensome for use on the open battlefield, thus were confined to more static siege warfare.I have found no proof corresponding to the Roman commander Maximus, the movie's hero, and if there were one, it would not have been a German shepherd, a breed that did not exist in ancient times.Portrait of Emperor Lucius Verus. Marble, ca. 161-...Marcus Aurelius was not quite 59 when he died, perhaps of plague. "Gladiator" does capture his kindly and philosophical nature, but his decrepit frailty, thin beard, and wispy fly-away hair in the movie bear little resemblance to his statues and portraits on coins. They show him as a fairly vigorous man with a full beard and a thick head of curly hair.The whole movie in addition radically compresses the chronology of the Emperor Commodus' reign. He became sole emperor upon his father's death in March of 180AD and was assassinated almost thirteen years later on December 31, 192AD. Although the time covered by "Gladiator" is not precisely indicated, it would appear that no more than two years could...

Thursday, February 27, 2020

Politics of the knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Politics of the knowledge - Essay Example In the book â€Å"Way of Knowing†, the Jonathon Moses and Torbjom Knutsen have described both logics in a simple manner and its effect on human behavior with respect to their social and political domains. Contextually, both logics have constituted strong patterns within the nature of human beings. As described in the book, â€Å"Naturalism† focuses only laws of nature wherein it creates a belief that nature is the ultimate source of living. Accordingly, the reading described these two logics with the help of god and giant. God is represented as â€Å"Naturalism† and Giant is represented as â€Å"Constructivism†. As argued in the book, traditional values and beliefs have altogether made social and political patterns complex and unreasonable for modern society. Therefore, social science can help to break these two logics and make the social and political patterns of modern culture more worthy. According to the stated book, social science can change the socia l and political patterns of traditional culture and develop a modern culture that would further help the philosophers of the social sciences domain to create new patterns. From the above discussion, it can be accordingly comprehended that social science makes the traditional logic more complex for social and political patterns. With the help of modern social science, both logics can be reconstructed that will further make the social and political patterns more worthy for the

Monday, February 10, 2020

A COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR WREST PARK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR WREST PARK - Essay Example Message – Content, Structure, Format The format is a general letter (text provided in report) which also contains photographs in strategically-placed parts of the page. The text is the central part of the page. The Communication Message The communication message will promote the beauty of the place as well as noting several recently completed revitalization projects which have completed and would be worthwhile to experience. It will also point out other attractions which people would be interested in. How to Deliver the Message The message will be delivered by website on the Internet, Facebook, Twitter and other social media components, and through new media, such as emails and text messages with links, to registered customers through smart phones. Groupon can also be utilized as part of the coupon process for receiving the discount. Deciding Who the Messenger is The messenger is the Chief Executive of the English Heritage Organization who is an integral part of the operations for Wrest Park and would be the most likely person to act as the messenger. Analysing the Strategy Success The returns can be analysed through how many people sign up for memberships at the reduced rate and who purchase the Groupon coupon. Social media sites can provide returns on pay-per-click through ads and banner ads, as well as QR codes scanned, which lead to the website. The Report – Part II Introduction Wrest Park is located ? miles east of Silsoe which is halfway between Luton and Bedfordshire on A6. Wrest Park is considered to be the birth place of the traditional English garden and currently is a beautiful showcase developed over three centuries, consisting of French, Dutch, Italian and English garden landscapes, added on over the years. It is an inspirational journey through art in landscaping. There is plenty to see and do here at the park, including shopping, visiting the cafe for lunch, checking in at the visitor’s centre for all the places to visit on t he grounds, including travel cart rental sign-up. Visitors can visit the Wrest Park mansion to see the home where the de Grey family has lived for over 600 years and also visit the formal gardens just behind the mansion (Wrest Park Online 2012). Building the Communication Strategy The goal of any communication strategy is to inform the target market about the product or the service, and in this case, it is the Wrest Park as a historically artistic landscape. The goal is to provide a communication which brings in more customers who will pay fees to enter and walk or ride through the park, shop and eat lunch at the grounds cafe. The money brought in will help sustain the operations in maintaining the park to its fullest grandeur as a historical archive in landscape art. The more people who know about the park and visit it, the more they will share their experiences with others who will, in turn, come to visit too. The park has many benefits and features for visitors and it is importan t to emphasize those (Boone 1999). The communication strategy is developed first with determining the target audience through research, which also includes members on the database, then deciding on the objectives of the communication message. The next part is designing the message through content, structure and format. Following that process comes the important part of deciding how to send out the message to the right target audience to maximize the return on investment (ROI). The last part is deciding where the message comes from. The communication must be accurate, timely and relevant (Jain 1997: Zikmund

Friday, January 31, 2020

The Foodservice Management Information System Essay Example for Free

The Foodservice Management Information System Essay The Foodservice Management Information System (FMIS V) sold by Genesistems, Inc. since 1980 on mini and super mini computers is now available on low cost personal computers and popular networks under FMIS V. According to Genesistems President Eric Muench, new programming languages have provided a method of allowing Genesistems proven FMIS system to operate with the same speed and flexibility on the new popular personal computers that was formerly available only on larger computers. This brings the cost of an automated solution for the foodservice operator down to a price that is affordable. The manager must be able to determine prices and schedules, make forecasts, perform an ongoing audit of inventory and other company assets, and monitor performance. More and more managers are turning to the computer to provide this information on a timely basis, he said. Traditionally, foodservice institutions have had weak in-house accounting systems based on tedious manual procedures, Muench continued. The result has been poor cost control. Food cost information is generally outdated before manual computations can even be completed. FMIS V solves these and other problems at a reasonable cost. FMIS V consists of the following modules: general ledger, accounts payable, payroll, bank reconciliation, inventory control, recipe control, sales analysis, and management report writing. Telecommunications input is available for certain cash registers. All modules are integrated and provide full accounting information automatically to the general ledger for up-to-date financial statements. The Foodservice Management Information System is available nationally from Genesistems, Inc. For more details on the Foodservice Management Information System, please contact us for more information. General Ledger The General Ledger module is the center of the accounting system. It is a powerful yet easy to use module that can accommodate a single unit restaurant as well as a large multiple unit operation. The General Ledger is automatically updated from all other modules being operated. Both 12 and 13 period accounting are supported. The Trial Balance Report and General Ledger Report provide the necessary documentation and audit trails required of a professional accounting system. Financial Statements can be designed to your specifications by you within the General Ledger module. The optional Management Report Writer gives you the added ability to print complex financial statements that consolidate or compare multiple time periods and units if necessary. Account budgets may be set up and used in forecasting and comparisons to actual activity. Accounts Payable The Accounts Payable module is designed to allow you to better manage your vendor invoices and payments. Inventory purchases that are entered will be automatically updated to the Inventory, Recipe, and Sales Analysis modules without any additional work. Invoices may be entered in summary, detail, or a combination of the two. By entering invoices, you are creating the capability of accumulating unpaid invoices easily at any time. A purchase history by vendor is also maintained, and check payment can be accomplished easily in a method that is convenient for your operation. This module lets you stay on top of your outstanding invoices so that invoices are never paid for twice. Payroll The Payroll module is designed for time entry, printing payroll checks, general ledger distribution and year-end W-2 forms. It can operate on a daily, weekly, bi-weekly, semi-monthly, or monthly basis with all input verified, copied, and employee records updated during the End-Pay-Period procedure. Other useful options are included such as payroll history inquiry, earnings summary report, employee payroll history, tip allocation, tip reporting and is integrated to the optional Federal Magnetic Media Reporting module. The module is easy to use due to its one-step nature. After set-up with a General Ledger file and initial data entry, payroll tracking becomes relatively easy. Time is entered, then the register is printed. If corrections are necessary, they can be made to the appropriate entries and the register re-printed. After everything balances, checks and reports are printed and then the pay period can be closed. This module is designed to operate in conjunction with other modules that may be installed. Programs are explained as if the General Ledger module were included. Information is transferred to all integrated modules as a function of the End-Pay-Period procedure or is transferred each month through the End-of-Month posting procedure. Bank Reconciliation The Bank Reconciliation module is used to manage your bank accounts. It is automatically updated as checks are written and deposits are entered. A simple method of canceling checks allows you to reconcile the account to the bank statement in very little time. Multiple bank accounts can be maintained simply and easily. A historical check register is maintained for up to five years for your review. Accurate, on demand financial statements tighten management control and eliminate monthly accounting fees. True, double entry accounting with forced balancing of entries eliminates costly posting errors. Comparisons of business units permit management to make intelligent analysis and take effective action. Reporting accommodates easy consolidation of multiple units or companies for corporate requirements. Simple invoice entry organizes and validates invoices for accuracy and automatically updates the Inventory module if necessary. Accounts Payable Cash Requirements Report provides immediate access to a list of currently due invoices and the total cash required. Controlled payment of Accounts Payable invoices eliminates duplicate payments, conserves cash, and accrues interest. Selection and printing of Accounts Payable computer checks saves time and eliminates errors. Bank Reconciliation provides an easy way to control and reconcile any bank accounts. Inventory Control The Inventory Control module is designed to allow you a fast and easy way to keep track of your inventory. You are able to track what you have purchased and what prices you are paying from various suppliers for any length of time. In-house batch production items can be processed along with multiple location transfers. Inventory is first categorized into major classifications that you choose such as meat, dairy and produce. Inventory can be kept on a perpetual basis by entering your purchases for those items and taking a physical count monthly or as frequently as desired to get your actual usage on each item. Inventory may also be kept on a periodic basis which does not require entering all your purchases. The periodic method allows for entry of a physical count and last cost at any point in time and will automatically extend the inventory for you. Both methods provide inventory count sheets by specific storage location and fast inventory count entry methods. The two methods can also be combined to allow detailed control of high cost items and less detailed control of less significant items. Recipe Control The Recipe Control module works hand in hand with the Inventory Control module. It provides you with an organized method of entering your recipes. You can take advantage of the ability to monitor your costs at all times before cost increases erode your profit margins. Unlimited levels of sub-recipes can be maintained very easily. Recipes can include a plate cost for items that you may not want to set up. Recipes can be costed in seconds at Last Cost or Average Cost and can be printed or displayed on the screen. Each recipe can also have detailed preparation instructions set up for use as a training manual. Quick, accurate food and beverage cost percentages can spot increasing costs before it is too late. What If capability for quick, profitable decisions on effect of price and cost changes to a menu or individual item. Easy, timely, accurate trend information on profit margins and popularity of menu items. Regular variance reporting on Actual versus Potential Inventory Usage flags items to watch for excessive use. Prompt, accurate comparisons of multi-unit sales for better management analysis and decisions. Server analysis tells you who is and who isnt selling items such as specials and desserts. Usage, waste and pilferage information is available at any time for management corrective action to maximize profits. Inventory Use and Purchase History allows more accurate inventory planning. Provides a clear, precise way of standardizing recipes for easier employee use. Inventory transfers between multiple units are tracked for proper allocation of charges and better management relations. Inventory Production allows the tracking of in-house prep items to show actual inventory usage and real costs. Friendly, flexible set up allows you to track only information you need and not data that you dont care about. Sales Analysis The Sales Analysis module completes the operations triangle. Both Inventory and Recipe Control are related heavily to Sales Analysis. Menu items are set up and defined at this point. A menu item can refer to a recipe or directly to an inventory item. Daily sales can be entered manually or transferred from a point of sale device if one is available. Sales history is maintained on a daily basis for any number of years. Entering your sales will generate your potential or optimal use of each inventory item and will give you an actual versus potential usage variance. Sales trends can be tracked in a wide variety of methods using the Management Report Writer. Sales Analysis gives you the capability to stay on top of your margins and control them before they can hurt you. Management Report Writing The Report Writer module allows the creation of custom reports wanted by individual companies. The flexibility and adaptability of this module allows for seemingly unlimited variations of report types. This module is limited only by your imagination. Thirty-six columns are available for mathematical and statistical computations (only limited by your printers capability). Data to be printed on these reports can be drawn from a variety of sources. The most common source is General Ledger and the Report Writer is particularly suited to producing complex financial statements. Reports can also be produced based on data from Sales Analysis or from the Statistics section of the Management Report Writer.

Wednesday, January 22, 2020

Essay --

The End of Prohibition Prohibition is the act of prohibiting or the condition of being prohibited. In other words prohibition is also the name of a law, order, or decree that forbids something. Basically what paves the way for prohibition of something, are its negative effects that may be dangerous for human beings on the whole. Hence, these are the negative effects of something that make the step of prohibiting a positive one. As a matter of fact, prohibition is the way to avoid further damages that may drive last nail in the coffin but sometimes prohibition appears as anathema to many people who regard the act of prohibiting a totally unjustified action. In our daily life, intentionally we prevent ourselves from doing such things that might be not good or suitable for us. Every day we come across such people who don’t like to smoke at all; on the other hand there are those people also who shudder to think how horrible their lives would be without cigarettes. There are many religious people for whom venomous sting of coral snake are better than using alcoholic beverages. In the same world there also those drinkers for whom a mere bottle of whiskey is the raison d'à ªtre thus each and every drop of liquor multiplies their life-span. But prohibition through a law or government act takes place when individual’s likes and dislikes can not put a stop to the government to pass such a law that is beneficial for the nation in the main. Prohibition law of America is one of those laws that appeared as a most contentious law in American history. Prohibition law is, in fact, the forbidding by law of the manufacture, transportation, sale, and possession of alcoholic beverages. If truth be told, Prohibition law is the extreme of the regulatory... ...ion in America: 1920-1933" ch 1 VOLSTEAD ACT, The Reader's Companion to American History http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_089600_volsteadact.htm Thorton, Mark. â€Å"Policy Analysis: Alcohol Prohibition Was a Failure.† July 17, 1991. Online. Netscape. 23 April 1998. U.S. v. Lanza, 260 U.S. 377 McWilliams, Peter. â€Å"Prohibition: A Lesson in the Futility (and Danger) of Prohibiting.† Online. Netscape. 23 April 1998. Catherine H. Poholek (1998) Prohibition in the 1920s, Thirteen Years That Damaged America, Bowen, Ezra, ed. This Fabulous Century. 6 vols. New York: Time Life Books, 1969. Wenburn, Neil. The USA: A Chronicle of Pictures. New York: Smithmark Publishers Inc., 1991. Behr, Edward. Prohibition: Thirteen Years That Changed America. New York: Arcade Publishing, 1996. The Repeal of Prohibition, August 9, 2003, http://www.dpft.org/history.html

Tuesday, January 14, 2020

Critically Assess the View That Natural Law Is of No Use When Discussing Sexual Ethics Essay

I believe that natural law is of no use when discussing sexual ethics as it is very vague and doesn’t take into account specific situations. Natural Law says that everything has a purpose, and that mankind was made by God with a specific design or objective in mind. It says that this purpose can be known through reason. As a result, fulfilling the purpose of our design is the only ‘good’ for humans. The Primary Precepts of Natural Law require us to ‘live in an ordered society’ to ‘reproduce’, to ‘educate our young’, to ‘protect the innocent’ and the most important to ‘worship God’. The most relevant of these in this subject is reproduction, and if you look at it as a duty to continue the re-population of God’s people than of course sex can be understood as a good and moral action. In fact there are many biblic references to sex and Gods opinion on it, in Genesis He says; ‘be fruitful and increase in number’ and through-out it shows that sex is necessary. The problem for a Natural Law supporter comes when sex is only done as an ‘efficient’ cause, e. g. or pleasure and enjoyment, this is not following God’s final cause of re-production. Contraception is seen as immoral in Natural law and for most Catholics. If contraception is used it splits the ‘efficient’ practice of sex from the ‘final cause’ of reproduction; this goes against that actions purpose and makes it wrong as not what God intended. However some Natural Law supporters would argue that sex is not about what humans gain from it but what God actually intended it to be about, which could be unity and love etc. Other philosophers/philosophies who argue that this way of thinking about contraception and sex can lead to situations of unnecessary suffering. For example, a utilitarian approach would assess how pain and pleasure can be maximised in a situation and so would probably sharply contrast with Natural Law. Another thing to consider when thinking about natural law and contraception is that they don’t take into account third world countries, for example, and how not using contraception will lead to a spreading of aids and children the parents can’t afford to give a good life. Homosexuality is another sexual issue that Natural Law calls immoral for the same reason as contraception, because it doesn’t fill in sex’s final cause and reproduction and so homosexual sex cannot produce any children it is not ethical. The Catholic Church has long supported this view and have declared that homosexual orientation is not in itself immoral but just like the infertile couple sex without the possibility of children makes it wrong. However another thing to consider as part of the ‘living in an ordered society’ precept is not being judgmental of other people. Pre-marital sex could be seen as either good or bad by natural law followers as if the couple is reproducing and being good nurturing parents then they’re fulfilling most of the primary precepts and that is good. However they aren’t fulfilling the main one, worshiping God, as the bible teaches that sex should be saved for marriage, so a lot of natural law followers would say it is wrong. Something to consider in this is if they’re actually planning to get married at all? Does it still count as pre-marital? Extra marital sex is also a contentious issue for Natural Law followers. In a wedding ceremony promises are made before God ‘to love and to cherish’ and most importantly ‘forsaking all others’ to stay married until ‘death do us part’. As a vow before God, this cannot be broken and still be part of the primary precept ‘worship’ God. The ultimate aim of life is to be ‘united with God’ through our moral actions, as society where immorality and deception are accepted is not a place where God is being worshipped effectively. Sex should be about reproduction and families and therefore bringing you closer to God not a violation of a sacred vow. To conclude, I would argue that Natural law is an overly harsh method of making ethical decisions. It does not take into account the most loving action for people and nor does he make any exception for circumstance or what will benefit the majority of people.

Monday, January 6, 2020

Cyrus Field Promoter of the Atlantic Telegraph Cable

Cyrus Field was a wealthy merchant and investor who masterminded the  creation of the  transatlantic telegraph cable in the mid-1800s. Thanks to Fields persistence, news which had taken weeks to travel by ship from Europe to America could be transmitted within minutes. The laying of the cable across the Atlantic Ocean was an extremely difficult endeavor, and it was fraught with drama. The first attempt, in 1858, was celebrated exuberantly by the public when messages began to cross the ocean. And then, in a crushing disappointment, the cable went dead. A second attempt, which was delayed by financial problems and the outbreak of the Civil War, was not successful until 1866. But the second cable worked, and kept working, and the world got used to news traveling quickly across the Atlantic. Hailed as a hero, Field became wealthy from the operation of the cable. But his ventures into the stock market, coupled with an extravagant lifestyle, led him into financial problems. The later years of Fields life were known to be troubled. He was forced to sell most of his country estate. And when he died in 1892, family members interviewed by the New York Times took pains to say that rumors that he had become insane in the years before his death were untrue. Early Life Cyrus Field was born the son of a minister on November 30, 1819. He was educated to the age of 15, when he began working. With the help of an older brother, David Dudley Field, who was working as a lawyer in New York City, he obtained a clerkship in the retail store of A.T. Stewart, a famous New York merchant who essentially invented the department store. During three years of working for Stewart, Field tried to learn everything he could about business practices. He left Stewart and took a job as a salesman for a paper company in New England. The paper company failed and Field wound up in debt, a situation he vowed to overcome. Field went into business for himself as a way of paying off his debts, and he became very successful throughout the 1840s. On January 1, 1853, he retired from business, while still a young man. He bought a house on Gramercy Park in New York City, and seemed intent on living a life of recreation. After a trip to South America he returned to New York and happened to be introduced to Frederick Gisborne, who was trying to connect a telegraph line from New York City to St. Johns, Newfoundland. As St. Johns was the easternmost point of North America, a telegraph station there could receive the earliest news carried aboard ships from England, which could then be telegraphed to New York. Gisbornes plan would reduce the time it took for news to pass between London and New York to six days, which was considered very fast in the early 1850s. But Field began to wonder if a cable could be stretched across the vastness of the ocean and eliminate the need for ships to carry important news. The great obstacle  of establishing a telegraph connection with St. Johns was that Newfoundland is an island, and an underwater cable would  be required to  connect it to the mainland. Envisioning the Transatlantic Cable Field later recalled thinking about how that could be accomplished while looking at a globe he kept in his study. He began to think it would make sense to also place another cable, heading eastward from St. Johns, all the way to the west coast of Ireland. As he wasnt a scientist himself, he sought advice from two prominent figures, Samuel Morse, the inventor of the telegraph, and Lieutenant Matthew Maury of the U.S. Navy, who had recently conducted research mapping the depths of the Atlantic Ocean. Both men took Fields questions seriously, and they answered in the affirmative: It was scientifically possible to reach across the Atlantic Ocean with an undersea telegraph cable.   The First Cable The next step was to create a business to undertake the project. And the first person Field contacted was Peter Cooper, the industrialist and inventor who happened to be his neighbor on Gramercy Park. Cooper was skeptical at first, but became convinced the cable might work. With Peter Coopers endorsement, other stockholders were enlisted and more than $1 million was raised. The newly formed company, with the title of the New York, Newfoundland, and London Telegraph Company, bought out Gisbornes Canadian charter, and began work on placing an underwater cable from the Canadian mainland to St. Johns. For several years Field had to overcome any number of obstacles, which ranged from technical to financial to governmental. He eventually was able to get the governments of the United States and Britain to cooperate and assign ships to help lay the proposed transatlantic cable. The first cable to cross the Atlantic Ocean became operational in the summer of 1858. Enormous celebrations of the event were held, but the cable stopped operating after only a few weeks. The problem seemed to be electrical, and Field resolved to try again with a more reliable system in place. The Second Cable The Civil War interrupted Fields plans, but in 1865 an attempt to place a second cable began. The effort was unsuccessful, but an improved cable was finally put in place in 1866. The enormous steamship Great Eastern, which had been a financial disaster as a passenger liner, was used to lay the cable. The second cable became operational in the summer of 1866. It proved to be reliable, and messages were soon passing between New York and London.   The success of the cable made Field a hero on both sides of the Atlantic. But bad business decisions following his great success helped tarnish his reputation  in the later decades of his life. Field became known as a big operator on Wall Street, and was associated with men considered robber barons, including Jay Gould and Russell Sage. He got into controversies over investments, and lost a great deal of money. He was never plunged into poverty, but in the last years of his life he was forced to sell off part of his large estate. When Field died on July 12, 1892, he was remembered as the man who had proven that communication was possible between continents.